Abstract:Northern settlements experience overlapping hazards from intense storms and changing sea-ice regimes that affect shorefast protection. Structured interviews with municipal planners and fishers, triangulated with historical damage records, identify adaptive practices such as flexible landing sites and shared early-warning networks. A composite resilience index highlights institutions and social capital as stronger predictors of recovery speed than infrastructure age alone.
Abstract:Nitrogen enrichment can disrupt symbiotic lichen communities sensitive to ammonia and oxidized forms. Bulk collectors and passive samplers deployed along a coastal–inland transect quantify seasonal deposition fluxes. Lichen tissue nitrogen content and species richness decline with modeled deposition gradients, supporting critical-load thresholds used in regional habitat management plans for open heath vegetation.
Abstract:Winter supplementary feeding is increasingly used to buffer pasture loss yet may reshape rumen microbial communities. Fecal samples collected before, during, and after pellet supplementation from two herding districts were profiled with shotgun metagenomics. Beta diversity separates feeding phases, with transient enrichment of starch-fermenting taxa that decline within three weeks of return to lichen-dominated diets.
Abstract:Shorter ice seasons alter thermal structure and stratification in hemiboreal lakes. Analysis of daily ice-on and ice-off dates from citizen-science records spanning six decades, combined with buoy profiles on three reference lakes, shows a significant decline in ice duration correlated with winter air temperature. Extended open-water periods increase epilimnetic heat content by autumn, potentially strengthening fall mixing events.
Abstract:Post-fire management requires timely maps of canopy consumption and soil exposure. We train a random forest on spectral indices and topographic predictors using field-plot dNBR classes from three recent seasons. Cross-validation by fire event yields balanced accuracy above eighty percent for moderate and high severity classes, outperforming thresholded differenced indices when regenerating mixed conifer stands with residual green canopy.
Abstract:Thawing permafrost creates ponds with distinct redox stratification that may enhance microbial production of methylmercury. Incubation experiments on surficial sediments from eight ponds spanning pH and sulfate gradients reveal highest methylation rates where pore-water sulfate is low and organic matter is labile. Stable-isotope tracing confirms sulfate-reducing bacteria as the dominant methylators under anoxic conditions typical of late-summer bottom waters.
Abstract:Expansion of deciduous shrubs alters albedo and nutrient cycling in treeless landscapes. We combine high-resolution multispectral imagery with field transects measuring shrub height and cover along elevation gradients. A modified green–red vegetation index correlates with field biomass estimates and detects gradual encroachment over a twelve-year image stack more consistently than normalized difference vegetation index alone when lichen background dominates.
Abstract:Spring freshet dominates annual fluxes of dissolved organic carbon from northern peatlands, yet interannual snowpack differences remain poorly quantified. We sampled outlet streams weekly across three low-relief catchments for four hydrological years with contrasting snow water equivalents. Load estimates derived from rating curves show that early melt pulses account for more than half of annual export when winter precipitation is above the long-term median, with implications for downstream drinking-water treatment.
Abstract:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors around the world, although there are several treatments for breast cancer, it is known as the second cause of cancer deaths among women. Despite progress in diagnosis and treatment, cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. In addition to genetic and environmental factors, epigenetic factors also contribute to etiology of cancer. Recently, it has been found that miRNA (a group of non-coding small RNAs) are closely related to various diseases, including cancer. miRNA regulate gene expression in eukaryotes by inhibiting mRNA translocation or mRNA degradation through targeting relative maturation with the 3rd end of the (3 UTR) target mRNA. Due to the potential of miRNA in targeting a large number of mRNAs (group of 19-25 oligonucleotides) are involved in almost all biological phenomena including cell cycle regulation, cell growth, apoptosis, cellular differentiation, and response to stress. Increasing level of evidences suggest that miRNA plays an important role in the biology of cancer, and recent studies have confirmed the oncogenic and tumor inhibitory role of miRNA in cancer cells. In addition, they have shown that the expression of these miRNA can be regulated by tumor inhibitors and oncogenes. The expression of miRNA both in in-vitro and in-vivo may also be regulated through the synthesis of pre-miRNA molecules or antisense oligonucleotides, which can be promising perspective for cancer treatment.
Abstract:The main purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences as for predictors of entrepreneurial intention among students in Iranian higher entrepreneurship education system. A survey of all students in entrepreneurship faculty of Tehran University was carried out (N = 211). 136 students were selected for the study using a stratified random sampling method. The result showed there were a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial intentions of male students and their attitudes towards entrepreneurship, social norms and self-efficacy beliefs. While among the female students, attitudes towards entrepreneurship and self-belief had a significant positive relationship with entrepreneurial intentions. The results of the analysis showed students \'self-efficacy beliefs in male and female students\' attitudes toward entrepreneurship had the most direct and significant impact on their entrepreneurial intentions. Also, comparing the results suggested significant impact of gender on attitudes towards entrepreneurship; social norms and self-efficacy beliefs of students. The results of this study can have implications for higher education planners dealing with entrepreneurship to enhance students\' entrepreneurial intentions and behavior and reduce the gender gap in their entrepreneurial activities in the future.