The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different synthetic pesticides against the major pest of Okra, Earias vittella, Amrasca devastans, Nymphs lacerate , Bemesia tabaci and cotton aphid in southern Sindh, Pakistan. The result of the study revealed that Cypermethrin was highly effective against Thrips with average efficacy of 78.4±2.150%; moderately effective against spotted bollworm (64.4±2.11%); and least effective against Jassid (17.2±5.02%) and whitefly (11.3±6.21%). Cypermethrin shows highly effective against the thrips, moderate results against spotted boll worm but was poor against rest of the two targeted insect pests Dimethoate was highly effective against whitefly only while in case of Cartap it is only effective against spotted bollworm and Jassid. It is observed that Cartap is less harmful to the natural enemies with their minimum mortality as compared to severe damage of natural enemies caused by other group of insecticides.

Background: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common complication of a variety of illnesses and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It develops following a number of predisposing conditions. ketoconazole can modulate inflammatory pathways known to be involved in ARDS. The aim of this study was to investigate, Ketoconazole effect for the prevention of the ARDS.\nMethods: In the Loghman Hakim’s Hospital of Tehran, Iran (study hospital), we investigated ketoconazole effect in the prevention of the ARDS as clinical trial. Patients were placed into two groups receiving oral ketoconazole and placebo. Finally, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (Version 11.5).\nResults: There was no significant difference between two groups (receiving ketoconazole and placebo) in terms of sexual distribution. Also, there were no significant differences between them in terms of age groups mean and duration mean of ICU stay.\nConclusion: Data related to present study do not support the use of ketoconazole for the prevention of ARDS in Iran.

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) has been categorized as a class 2B carcinogen and its carcinogenicity was estimated to be one-tenth of that of AFB1. As milk is a major nutrient for infants، children، convalescents and old people, the presence of AFM1 in commercial milk and dairy products is a matter of concern. As milk is a major nutrient for infants، children، convalescents and old people, the presence of AFM1 in commercial milk and dairy products is a matter of concern. The aim of this survey was to determine concentrations of AFM1 in raw and pasteurized milk marketed in Jahrom city located in southern of Iran during two seasons. A total 120 milk samples including 90 raw milk samples and 30 pasteurized milk samples were examined by ELISA method to determine AFM1 concentration in Jahrom (a southern city in Iran), Jan. 2013 to jun. 2013. The presence of AFM1 was seen 8.33% including 6.7% and 13.3% of raw pasteurized milk respectively. The results indicated that the contamination of the kinds of milk in such level could be a serious public health problem. Inspection of milk and dairy products is recommended for AFM1 contamination.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate fertility and pregnancy rates in patients with previous multiple in vitro fertilization (IVF) failures when embryo transfer was performed either on day 2–3 (cleavage stage, CS-group) or on day 4–5 (blastocyst stage, BS-group).\nMethods and Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 118 infertile women with at least 2 previous failure of implantation referred to the Fertility Centre of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during the period January 2010 to May 2012. All the study subjects underwent controlled ovarian stimulation using a long protocol [down-regulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and stimulation with recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH)]. Patients were randomly assigned to allocate in one of the 2 groups. In the first group (n=57) ,the culture was extended to day 5-6 (blastocyst stage, BS-group) and in the second group(n=61) , embryo culture was continued to day 2-3 (early cleavage stage, CS-group). Ongoing pregnancies, abortion, implantation rate were evaluated in two groups.\nResults: Ongoing pregnancies were evaluated until termination of the first trimester. No significant differences were seen in the pregnancy rate between the two groups (33.3% in the BS-group versus 27.9% in the CS-group; p=0.519). Implantation rate was also comparable in both groups (14.5% in the BS-group versus 12.1% in the CS-group; p=0.535). Multiple pregnancy rate was 15.8% in the BS-group and 23.5% in the CS-group, which were statistically similar (p=0.558). No statistically significant difference is found in miscarriage rate between the two study groups (36.8% in the BS-group versus 23.5% in the CS-group; p=0.387). Mean number of embryos reaching to the desired stage was 2.8±1.3 per patient in the BS-group and 7.9±4.6 per patient in the CS-group (p<0.001).\nConclusion: Our data suggest that blastocyst transfer may be associated with a higher pregnancy and an overall better implantation rates in patients with previous multiple IVF failures. However, further studies with larger sample size are mandatory to confirm these findings

Organizational performance has a significant effect on the activities of an organization and the methods and tools for evaluation are always one of the most important topics in the organizational and academic research. On the other DEA models can be made to meet the application needs to be done extensive research in various scientific fields. Much research has been done using this technique show considerable potential of this methodology for the evaluation and performance measurement comfortable. Given the importance of industrial cities in developing countries is very important to evaluate the performance of the industrial towns. Evaluation of the industrial towns of the province and to evaluate and compare the performance of this settlement is a step in the direction of continuous improvement. Accordingly, this paper describes a model for evaluating the performance of the industrial towns of the province, using data development analysis. This study form view point of aim is applied research and from view point of data collection is descriptive and causal-comparative research. The population of the study is 10 Industrial Park is Semnan province. Select the inputs and outputs of this research, according to previous studies, is interviews and surveys conducted by experts. Driver has been selected as criteria include the total land area (m) and outputs, including proceeds from the sale of land and container and all of the costs (RIAL). Finally, according to the analysis made of the numerous models of DEA, input-oriented CCR model to evaluate the performance has been selected. Anderson-Patterson again used for those who have efficiency 1 and Investigation of efficient and inefficient units revealed that Damghan and Aradan industrial town were identified as efficient and Lasjerd were identified as inefficient industrial.

In this report, a new nanocomposite based on Chitosan /Polyvinyl alcohol/Nanocrystalline cellulose (Cts/PVA/NCC) was synthesized. NCC was prepared from Whatman No.1 filter paper via acid hydrolysis in the presence of sulfuric acid. The morphology and particle size of NCC and nanocomposites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. According to XRD results, the size of NCC was found to be at the range 15-17nm. SEM images were shown the rod-like shape of NCC whiskers. Finally, biodegradation and swelling studies were performed on Cts/PVA/NCC nanocomposites.