Two plant species of a traditionally used medicinal plant of Swertia ware compared in methanolic and aqueous solvent extracts. Antioxidant assay was done by assaying various parameters such as total phenol content, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and metal chelating activity. Antibacterial activity was done against various pathogenic and non pathogenic bacteria in vitro. Antidiabetic activity of both the species of Swertia was assay in vitro by inhibitory activity of α-amylase enzyme. It was observed that methanolic leaves extract of both the species of Swertia is most potent antibacterial as well as anti-diabetic agents, whereas methanolic root extracts of Swertia chirayita as well as Swertia cordata is found to be the potential antioxidant agent. However, Swertia chirayita shows better results than Swertia cordata although both species have good reputation in traditional Indian medicine.

The issue of optimizing reinforcing factors in stabilization of the stone slopes has constantly been of interest to geo-technique and geo-mechanic researchers due to great expenses of such operations, and instability and slides of these slopes owing to lack of enough reinforcement. In this study, are investigated the numerical and schematic role of stone in reinforcement of coastal embankments. Thereby, sample reinforced and non-reinforced embankments are modeled, and their function is compared under the same loading, thus settlements are an indicator of instability. The comparison of two embankments proves that critical displacement in reinforced embankments occurs less and in a larger distance from surface. In general, stone columns reduce function of displacement through dispersing stress and expansion of failure wedge. The results revealed that reinforcement of embankment reduces vertical displacement (39%) and horizontal displacement (56%).

The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase\nproducing E. coli from patients suffering from urinary tract infection was determined. A total of\n300 urine samples were collected from patients who visited Khyber Teaching Hospital and\nHayyatabad Medical Complex Hospital Peshawar. Out of total sample analyzed, 38 (12.67%)\nwere positive for E. coli among which 16 (42.1%) were ESBL positive whereas 22 (57.9%) were\nnegative. The percent ratio of these bacteria was found less in male (25%) than in female (75%).\nIt was further noted that the prevalence of this organism was more (71.4%) in middle age group\n(13 to 45 year) and in indoor patient (75%) as compared to the other age group and outdoor\npatients (25%). ESBL producing E. coli was isolated and this was confirmed by double disc\nsynergy test. Resistance pattern of ESBL producing E. coli showed (100%) resistance\ncollectively to Augmenten, Ampicillin and Ceftroxone followed by Cefotaxime (94%),\nCeftazidime (87%), Norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin (75%) individually. They showed high degree\nof sensitivity to Imipenem (100%) followed by Tetracycline (37%). It is concluded that ESBL\nproducing E. coli causing UTI are multidrug resistant and Imipenem is the drug of choice.\nMoreover the result demonstrated that double disc synergy test can be used for the routine\ndiagnosis of ESBL producing organisms.

Backgtound: The cytochrome P-450 (CYP) is responsible for the metabolism of many drugs. Various genetic polymorphisms for CYP2C9 have been recognized. The aim of present study was to assess and compare the frequencies of the cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 alleles and genotypes in the Baluch ethnic group with the frequencies in other different ethnic groups. Materials and Methods: Genotyping of CYP2C9 alleles were done by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technique. The study group contained 110 unrelated healthy Baluch origin who were referred to Health Center in Chabahar, in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Results: The allele frequency of CYP2C9*1 (Wild type), CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 were 80.90% (95% CI: 73.55-88.24), 11.82% (95% CI: 5.78-17.82) and 7.27% (95% CI: 2.44-12.16), respectively. The frequencies of CYP2C9 genotypes in Baluch ethnic group were found to be 70.90% of subjects were with CYP2C9*1/*1 genotype (95% CI: 62.41-79.38). 11.82%, 8.18%, 4.55%, 2.73 and 1.82 subjects were with CYP2C9*1/*2 (95% CI: 5.78-17.84), CYP2C9*1/*3(95% CI: 3.06-13.30), CYP2C9*2/*2(95% CI: 0.65-8.43), CYP2C9*2/*3 (95% CI: 0-5.77)and CYP2C9*3/*3(95% CI: 0-4.30) genotypes, respectively. Conclusion: our results show that there are ethnic variations in the CYP2C9 allele and genotype frequencies. Genetic differences in the CYP2C9 were seen in Iranian Baluch. The presence of different mutant genotypes and alleles may effect on prediction of drug dose requirements in different ethnic groups. Thus, it requires that CYP2C9 variants determination in different populations may help high risk groups to use optimal dosage of drugs metabolized by this polymorphic enzyme.

Present design work is a register to build a universe of reactive environment input spaces mapped on output space of a case of manufacturing material. Upon milieu of bio-sorption process, in supplement to triangle membership function, trap-mf and gauss-mf were utilized in newly built space. Further, processing conditions sundry, which may appear due to environment, was coordinated with rule weight. Input space was divided into more segments under the normal environment. Two polymerization cases were considered. Results show that the segmentation is always good to piece the operation and fair enough when any sudden change in operating condition is introduced at some selected point in-between range bounds. In upping combine and compare style additional rules, refined segmented bounds may be incorporated to retrieve unseen information.

Celebrities are sound recognized traits in community because of their pleasant appearance or creditability, that’s why to augment the effectiveness of their trademark and classified ad Corporation, use these superstar as their brand name endorser. Purpose of this study to conduct in D g khan is to probe the customer level demographically and how much celebrity endorsement does cast its collision on Clint buying intention demographically and show a optimistic association with marketing promotions. The foremost deliberation in current research expose approaches of people toward the celebrities stimulate them to purchase or affect their buying deeds The result show that clients show a optimistic approach towards celebrities and motivated to purchase by celebrities and also show that consumer buying behavior is pretentious by celebrity creditability.