The global 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has spread over The whole planet within months. Social and economic life in many countries is badly disrupted as a result of this major epidemic. As well as the environmental risk is rise Because of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as the Medical Face Safety Masks (MFSM). As well as, careful hand washing and physical space between personals and to avoid transmission of COVID-19, the wearing of medical face masks is advised. [1]. Under conditions of extreme lack of availability of surgical masks, for the general population the only use of clothes masks is recommended [2]. Both patients and healthcare personnel wear disposable surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of coronaviruses [3]. Coronaviruses diseases result in a rise in medical care costs. The consistency of surgical face masks is therefore important and is defined by the regular testing mechanism established by standards such as ASTM and European standards. With a durability of over 50 cycles, disposable surgical masks may be sterilized and washed for reuse. [4]. However, reuse surgical masks have much less safety quality relative to new mask. [4]. If the frequency of washing cycles is increased, the quality of safety for recycled ones is diminished. Repeated washing of recycled medical face masks will also use more resources and supply the environment with more polluted water. Polypropylene is used as the raw material for medical face safety masks production [5]. It has several advances such as water and moisture barrier, can produced in fabric form so it breathable and flexible beside is lightweight and non-toxic. Polypropylene is used to a non-woven fabrics and fishing nets manufacture due to is can float in the surface of seawater [6]. Conservationists since discovering disposable masks floating like jellyfish. Dynamics of waste generation and hence special attention has been needed. The unforeseen variations in the composition and quantity of waste often require policymakers to react dynamically. During an epidemic of COVID-19, several kinds of medical and toxic materials are created, including contaminated masks for faces , gloves for hand and other safety clothing, along with a higher amount of infected products of the patients food baggage. There has been a high increase in demand for goggles , gloves, hand sanitizers, and other important items since the news of human coronavirus transmission reached the press. A need of 89 million surgical masks and 76 million hand gloves for the COVID-19 produced every month was calculated by the WHO modelling, although international demand for eye protector is 1.6 million per month [7]. This research highlights the problems encountered since the pandemic by the solid waste management industry and the underlying possibility of filling current loopholes in the system. Due to increasing hygiene issues , especially for items used for personal safety and medical purposes, single-use plastic item is expected to bounce back. Leading to enhanced conscious purchasing of high non-perishable goods during lockdown and attributable to food scarcity issues, household food waste production is anticipated to decrease. The report also suggests several key guidelines for policymakers to better holistically manage potential future pandemics, if any.

As a cheap and effective corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl, ethanol extract of Posidonia oceanic leaves based on Polyvinylpyrrolidone is used using weight reduction, open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization methods. The results explained that the productivity of hindrance increments as the concentration of extract increases, which at 1000 ppm discovered greatest restraint efficiency ~ 81 percent. The FTIR investigation of ethanolic extract confirmed the creation of kaolin-traced phenolic and polysaccharide compounds responsible for adsorption on the surface of mild steel. Using SEM study to inhibitive action against steel in corrosive arrangement, the surface morphology was considered. It is presumed that ethanol removes from Posidonia oceanic leaves can fill in as compelling gentle steel consumption inhibitors in hydrochloric acid.

The present work is focused on co-doping TiO2 with N and C atoms from chicken egg white in order to enhance its activity under visible light for removal of congo-red dye from water through photodegradation. The co-doping TiO2 was prepared by interacting TiO2 suspended in water with chicken egg white with various weight through hydrothermal technique in an autoclave. The co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were characterized by FTIR, XRD, DRUV, TEM, and SEM-EDX instruments. The photocatalytic activity is evaluated for degradation of congo-red dye in water through batch experiment. The characterization data assigned that doping TiO2 with C and N atoms from protein of chicken egg white has noticeably narrowed the gap, that shifted the absorption into visible region. The narrowing gap indicated by declining band gap energy (Eg), was found to be influenced by the weight of the chicken egg white for a constant TiO2 weigh, and the most significant decrease of the Eg, that was 2.70 eV from 3.2 eV, was shown by TiO2/N-C with ratio weight of TiO2 : chicken egg = 1:2. The co-doping TiO2 has considerably enhanced the photodegradation of congo-red dye in water under visible light, compared to the un-doped one. The highest photodegradation of 10 mg/L congo-red dye was reached by TiO2/N-C with 1:2 ratio, in 45 min of time, at pH 7, and 50 mg photocatalyts/100 mL solution. that was about 98% under visible light, while over undoped TiO2 was found to be 60%.

This thesis is aimed at studying the effect of knowledge stickiness on knowledge sharing and staff empowerment of Andimeshk Cement Unit and also the effect of knowledge sharing on the staff empowerment of this unit In this study, we used a random sampling of the types of samples is possible. In this study both library and field methods for collecting data and questionnaire as tool of data collection was used. The results show that in general, there is negative and meaningful relationship between knowledge stickiness and staff empowerment, and there is also negative and meaningful relationship between knowledge stickiness and knowledge sharing. However, it become distinct that there is a positive meaningful relationship between knowledge sharing and staff empowerment.

The helicopter has advanced characteristics as an efficient vertical take-off and landing aircraft, but has limitation on its cruising speed due to restrictions of retreating blade stall and advancing blade compressibility on the rotor in edgewise flight. Current trends in the design of helicopter have shown that in order to be economically viable and competitive it is necessary to investigate new design concept which may give an improvement in performance and operational flexibility goal and expanding the flight envelope of rotorcraft, but must be shown to be cost-effective. This is a challenging task, which might be solved by the use of new design approach. It is believed that the application of a compound helicopter design concept would assist in achieving such a task. This paper describes an investigation aimed to examine the suitability of a compound helicopter design concept, allowing for the use of a combined conventional fix-wing aircraft with single propeller in the nose and conventional helicopter to satisfy the above objectives. The paper describes the phenomenon of presents VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) aircraft. It then discusses the benefits and penalties of the presents concept. Description is then given of the concept proposed compound helicopter which incorporated combines main rotor-wing-auxiliary propeller. It concludes with a discussion of the results and recommendations for future work.