Abstract:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors around the world, although there are several treatments for breast cancer, it is known as the second cause of cancer deaths among women. Despite progress in diagnosis and treatment, cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. In addition to genetic and environmental factors, epigenetic factors also contribute to etiology of cancer. Recently, it has been found that miRNA (a group of non-coding small RNAs) are closely related to various diseases, including cancer. miRNA regulate gene expression in eukaryotes by inhibiting mRNA translocation or mRNA degradation through targeting relative maturation with the 3rd end of the (3 UTR) target mRNA. Due to the potential of miRNA in targeting a large number of mRNAs (group of 19-25 oligonucleotides) are involved in almost all biological phenomena including cell cycle regulation, cell growth, apoptosis, cellular differentiation, and response to stress. Increasing level of evidences suggest that miRNA plays an important role in the biology of cancer, and recent studies have confirmed the oncogenic and tumor inhibitory role of miRNA in cancer cells. In addition, they have shown that the expression of these miRNA can be regulated by tumor inhibitors and oncogenes. The expression of miRNA both in in-vitro and in-vivo may also be regulated through the synthesis of pre-miRNA molecules or antisense oligonucleotides, which can be promising perspective for cancer treatment.
Abstract:The main purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences as for predictors of entrepreneurial intention among students in Iranian higher entrepreneurship education system. A survey of all students in entrepreneurship faculty of Tehran University was carried out (N = 211). 136 students were selected for the study using a stratified random sampling method. The result showed there were a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial intentions of male students and their attitudes towards entrepreneurship, social norms and self-efficacy beliefs. While among the female students, attitudes towards entrepreneurship and self-belief had a significant positive relationship with entrepreneurial intentions. The results of the analysis showed students \'self-efficacy beliefs in male and female students\' attitudes toward entrepreneurship had the most direct and significant impact on their entrepreneurial intentions. Also, comparing the results suggested significant impact of gender on attitudes towards entrepreneurship; social norms and self-efficacy beliefs of students. The results of this study can have implications for higher education planners dealing with entrepreneurship to enhance students\' entrepreneurial intentions and behavior and reduce the gender gap in their entrepreneurial activities in the future.
Abstract:According to the latest report of the Mazandaran Province Lifeguard Board in Iran, the number of sea drownings this year, despite the COVID-19 method, is equal to the same period last year. Statistics that not only show the ineffectiveness of warnings about compliance with health protocols but shows disregard for the standards of presentation and swimming in the beach waters of the Caspian Sea. On the beach, tiny droplets from sneezing and coughing can spread even further, as these spots are usually windy. Therefore, in such a situation, you should more distant from others. The speed of movement of these tiny particles in the air decreases very quickly, but the wind can move them over long distances. Something that happens to marine viruses.
Abstract:The cartographic cum site-effectuated view of Shillong region of northeast India is presented here. Starting from the existing tectonics, the prevalent geological settings of the study area is comprehensively delineated. The seismic prone area is further overviewed in the context of site effects with accompaniment of available borehole information. The resonance frequency estimates form ambient noise survey along with receiver functions are outlined which implicates a heterogeneous subsurface. This further helps in segregating the region into two compelling profiles, thereby enabling us to get a deeper insight in the probable subsurface as well as heterogeneity. Eventually, the influence of topography over strata was also highlighted and interpreted as well.
Abstract:A total of 32 emergency cases of buffaloes with esophageal obstruction resulting from\nthe devouring of potato tubers during their grazing. Treatment comprised immediate\nrumen trocarisation by a 14 g. syringe’s needle, premedication with IM xylazine (0.05\nmg/kg) and passing a designed stout flexible tube to dislodge the obstruction to the\nrumen. The results was 100% successful recovery without any complications.
Abstract:The association and interaction among metals in bitumen polluted water may affect the availability of the metals even at toxic levels to the surrounding environment and biota that are dependent on such water. The study was carried out at Ode-Irele in Ondo State bitumen belt, Southwest of Nigeria, where there are bitumen seepages, and Ebute-Irele where there are no records of seepages served as control. Composite samples of surface water were collected to a depth of 30cm midstream on the sites. Heavy metals � Manganese, Iron, copper, zinc, lead, chromium, cadmium, nickel, vanadium, arsenic, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium were determined using standard methods. Data on metals� concentrations were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test at p < 0.05. The associations that exist among metals of surface water were analysed using regressive correlation to determine which metal increased or decreased with rise and fall in the level of other metals. Values obtained were compared with Federal Environmental Protection (FEPA) and World Health Organisation (WHO) Guidelines. Results of the study revealed that nickel, calcium, magnesium, and sodium were higher in seepage site than that of control, but, nickel was significantly higher in surface water of seepage site, 0.40 � 0.00mg/L than that of control, 0.30 � 0.00mg/L. Manganese, iron, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, vanadium, and arsenic, as well as calcium were higher than guideline levels. Nickel, iron, manganese, vanadium, calcium and sodium which are elemental components of bitumen could pose serious environmental problems. There were significant positive associations between iron and copper, manganese and vanadium, iron and sodium, calcium and magnesium, as well as between magnesium and sodium. The finding also revealed significant negative association between lead and zinc. The heavy metals in surface water that were higher in seepage site and higher than guideline values in Ondo State bitumen belt and especially those that are elemental components of bitumen could have toxic effects on the environment, and so they should be closely monitored during the bitumen development phase.
Abstract:Heavy metals pollution in soil, water and environment pose a huge risk to human health and wellbeing. Most often they are non-biodegradable which leads to accumulation and enters into the ecosystem and food chain thereby it affects water, vegetation and aqueous systems. The conventional physiochemical methods are not environment friendly and they do suffer with several setbacks. Alternatively bioremediation of toxic heavy metals using natural sources is safer, efficient, rapid, environment friendly and no secondary compound formation. Microbial bioremediation mechanisms such as oxidation/ reduction, biosorption, biominerilisation, biotransformation, bioaccumulation, bioprecipitation, biocrystalisation, bioleaching or biomining, bioaugumentation, biofilm formation, production of biosurfactants and immobilization with nanoparticles have huge potential for effective clean-up of the toxic heavy metals pollution. This review highlights the recent updates in bioremediation of heavy metals through biodegradation methods. The future aspects of bioremediation processes for effective degradation, removal and management of heavy metals pollution are also discussed.
Abstract:Abstract\nRecent studies have shown that Chest radiographic (CXR) and chest computed tomography (CT) scans have been used to diagnose coronavirus (COVID-19) disease as an important counterpart to the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnostic protocol. This work explores the application of CXR and CT scans as diagnostic instruments for COVID-19. Numerous databases were searched for COVID-19 articles which documented the clinical features of CXR and CT scans. The documented cases based on the evaluation of the imaging characteristics Chest radiographic findings may be confirmed with the most basic CT scans. Peripheral, bilateral and primary ground-glass distortion are the most prominent CT results with COVID-19 infections. In addition, the use of special and ambiguous terms such as pneumonia, blurred opacities, airspace disease, patchy opacities and infiltrates makes it difficult to clearly perceive the different chest radiographic findings.
Abstract:Abstract\nThis study investigates the radiation shielding capacity of fly ash geopolymer (FAGP) as a viable alternative to conventionally used ordinary Portland cement (OPC) due to the high demand for an environmentally friendly, cost effective and non-toxic shield material. The FAGP material was fabricated and combined with Barium sulphate (BaSO4) at different ratios (0, 5, 10 and 15%). Different thicknesses (3, 6 and 9 cm) of the samples were also prepared. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) was used to determine the elemental percentages of the materials, which were then used to calculate their effective atomic number (Zeff). The ion chamber was used to detect the dose of radiation transmitted through the samples. The lowest radiation dosage (34.68 µGy) and highest Zeff was achieved with FAGP combined with 15% BaSO4 at 9 cm thickness. The decrease in radiation dosage can be attributed to the increase in Zeff with the addition of BaSO4 to FAGP, which in turn increases the density of FAGP. Thus, radiation dose can be significantly reduced with a higher ratio of BaSO4 to FAGP. This study shows that FAGP combined with BaSO4 is a promising radiation shielding material, as well as a viable alternative to OPC.
Abstract:The global 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has spread over The whole planet within months. Social and economic life in many countries is badly disrupted as a result of this major epidemic. As well as the environmental risk is rise Because of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as the Medical Face Safety Masks (MFSM). As well as, careful hand washing and physical space between personals and to avoid transmission of COVID-19, the wearing of medical face masks is advised. [1]. Under conditions of extreme lack of availability of surgical masks, for the general population the only use of clothes masks is recommended [2]. Both patients and healthcare personnel wear disposable surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of coronaviruses [3]. Coronaviruses diseases result in a rise in medical care costs. The consistency of surgical face masks is therefore important and is defined by the regular testing mechanism established by standards such as ASTM and European standards. With a durability of over 50 cycles, disposable surgical masks may be sterilized and washed for reuse. [4]. However, reuse surgical masks have much less safety quality relative to new mask. [4]. If the frequency of washing cycles is increased, the quality of safety for recycled ones is diminished. Repeated washing of recycled medical face masks will also use more resources and supply the environment with more polluted water. Polypropylene is used as the raw material for medical face safety masks production [5]. It has several advances such as water and moisture barrier, can produced in fabric form so it breathable and flexible beside is lightweight and non-toxic. Polypropylene is used to a non-woven fabrics and fishing nets manufacture due to is can float in the surface of seawater [6]. Conservationists since discovering disposable masks floating like jellyfish. Dynamics of waste generation and hence special attention has been needed. The unforeseen variations in the composition and quantity of waste often require policymakers to react dynamically. During an epidemic of COVID-19, several kinds of medical and toxic materials are created, including contaminated masks for faces , gloves for hand and other safety clothing, along with a higher amount of infected products of the patients food baggage. There has been a high increase in demand for goggles , gloves, hand sanitizers, and other important items since the news of human coronavirus transmission reached the press. A need of 89 million surgical masks and 76 million hand gloves for the COVID-19 produced every month was calculated by the WHO modelling, although international demand for eye protector is 1.6 million per month [7]. This research highlights the problems encountered since the pandemic by the solid waste management industry and the underlying possibility of filling current loopholes in the system. Due to increasing hygiene issues , especially for items used for personal safety and medical purposes, single-use plastic item is expected to bounce back. Leading to enhanced conscious purchasing of high non-perishable goods during lockdown and attributable to food scarcity issues, household food waste production is anticipated to decrease. The report also suggests several key guidelines for policymakers to better holistically manage potential future pandemics, if any.